Study on the interaction of vehicle-to-grid and its impact on power quality of electric grid

Abstract

With the continuous increase in the number of electric vehicles (EVs) in the market, both EVs and charging stations are rapidly developing. This paper provides an overview of the negative impacts of EV charging on the distribution grid at the current stage. It summarizes specific solutions proposed by scholars both domestically and internationally to address the effects on voltage, harmonics, and power quality. These solutions mainly involve the addition of filters to the distribution grid, the use of 12-pulse rectifiers, and series resonance. Furthermore, the paper analyzes how Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology can balance the grid and regulate power quality issues caused by EV charging, ensuring stable system operation. V2G technology also enables EVs to function as mobile energy storage devices and allows for rational energy distribution using bidirectional charging stations. The integration of charging stations with the grid, forming a connected vehicle network, is considered the future direction of EV development.