Abstract
The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of energy-input on the mechanical properties of a 304 stainless-steel joint welded by continuous-drive rotary friction-welding (RFW). RFW experiments were conducted over a wide range of welding parameters (welding pressure: 25–200 MPa, rotation speed: 500–2300 rpm, welding time: 4–20 s, and forging pressure: 100–200 MPa). The results show that the energy-input has a significant effect on the tensile strength of RFW joints. With the increase of energy-input, the tensile strength rapidly increases until reaching the maximum value and then slightly decreases. An empirical model for energy-input was established based on RFW experiments that cover a wide range of welding parameters. The accuracy of the model was verified by extra RFW experiments. In addition, the model for optimal energy-input of different forging pressures was obtained. To verify the accuracy of the model, the optimal energy-input of a 170 MPa forging pressure was calculated. Three RFW experiments in which energy-input was equal to the calculated value were made. The joints’ tensile strength coefficients were 90%, 93%, and 96% respectively, which proved that the model is accurate.
Highlights
Rotary friction-welding (RFW) is a method of manufacturing that has been used extensively in recent times due to its advantages such as low heat input, production time, ease of manufacture, and environment friendliness [1,2]
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RFW experiments were conducted over a wide range of welding parameters
Summary
Rotary friction-welding (RFW) is a method of manufacturing that has been used extensively in recent times due to its advantages such as low heat input, production time, ease of manufacture, and environment friendliness [1,2]. The main parameters of rotary friction-welding are welding pressure, welding rotational speed, welding time, and forging pressure [3,4]. The influence of welding parameters on joint performance has always been a research focus of rotary friction-welding, whether in terms of numerical models or experiments. The welding time determines the amount of heat flux in the joint and the width of the heat-affect zone (HAZ), which increases as the welding time increases [6]. The rotational speed affects the heat input of the joint; it has a significant
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