Abstract
TiN/Ti coatings have great application potential in improving aero-engine server lives in a dusty environment. However, the damage behavior and mechanism of the coating and substrate under high impact speed and multi-direction loading conditions has scarcely been investigated. In this paper, TiN/Ti coatings were deposited on Ti6Al4V alloys by a magnetic filter cathode vacuum arc. Multi-directional impact tests were carried out by a gas gun system at, 45°, 60°, and 90° with a velocity of 330 m/s. The damage behaviors and mechanisms of the TiN/Ti coatings were investigated and revealed by researching the damage morphology, crack propagation, and stress distribution. The results show that plastic deformation occurs both in the coatings and the substrates under high speed impacting. Cracks extend vertically downward in the TiN layer first and are deflected at the Ti layer when the driving force is not enough. Circular cracks and radical cracks are found to form network cracks on the surface of the coating and the shear stress loaded by the particles, which drives cracks’ propagation is the main reason for the peeling off on the coatings.
Highlights
Solid particle erosion (SPE) is very common in industry
Ductile SPE mechanisms are characterized by material removal through plowing or cutting by the impacting particles, and erosion rates reach a maximum at low angles of incidence [11,12,13]
Crack deflection and branching occurs at the Ti layer when the tensile stress is not large enough; propagation and intersection are the main reason for the material removal of coatings
Summary
Solid particle erosion (SPE) is very common in industry. Especially for helicopters and transporters serving in the desert, the problem of solid particle erosion is more prominent and urgent. Ductile SPE mechanisms are characterized by material removal through plowing or cutting by the impacting particles, and erosion rates reach a maximum at low angles of incidence [11,12,13]. The damage mechanisms of anti-erosion coatings in single particle impact tests have been fully studied in the literature [8,21,22,23]. In actual service conditions, particles can reach very high speeds [24], and the impact angle is multi-directional. The damage behavior and failure mechanism of multilayer coatings under multi-directional and high impact velocity still need to be further explored. The results of this paper are intended to provide references for understanding the impact damage behavior of multilayer erosion resistant coatings under high-speed and multi-directional impact
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