STUDY ON THE CUTANEOUS FUNGAL PATHOGENS OF ATTENDING PATIENTS IN HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL

Abstract

Objectives: We surveyed the cutaneous fungal pathogens and the causative fungi species by clinical types from 181 patients in Hue Medicine and Pharmacy of hospital. Materials and methods: A crossectional survey for describe on 181 patients with positive direct examination from samples, including skin, hair and nail scrapings. These specimens were cultured on Sabouraud agar – Chloramphenicol medium or Sabouraud agar – Chloramphenicol – Cycloheximide medium or two kinds of media. Dermatophytes and nondermatophyte moulds were identified by the microscopic morphology. Identification of Candida species and other yeast pathogens based on the Dalmau technique and colorimetric sugar utilisation test. Results: The results were as follows: - The cutaneous fungal pathogens: + Dermatophytes was 90.64%, in which Trichophyton species was 82.91% T.rubrum 58.01%, T. mentagrophytes 14.36%, T.tonsurans 3.33%, T.violaceum 2.76%, T. erinacei 1.66%, T.schoenleini 1.10%, T.soudanense 0.55%, T.verrucosum 1.10%), Microsporum species was 7.18% M.gypseum 4.42%, M.canis 2.21%, M.persicolor 0.55%), and Epidermophyton floccosum was 0.55%. + Yeasts was 7.71%, in which C. albicans was 3.86%, C. parapsilopsis was 1.10%, C. tropicalis was 0.55%, C.famata was 0.55%, C.guilliermondii 0.55% and Trichosporon cutaneum was 1.10%. + Nondermatophytes moulds were 1.65%, in which Fusarium solani was 0.55%, Fusarium onysix was 0.55% and Scopulariopsis was 0.55%. - The causative fungi species by clinical types: Tinea capitis: T.rubrum (33.33%), T.mentagrophytes (33.33%), M.canis (33.33%). Tinea unguium: T.rubrum (66.66%), T.schoenleini (16.67%), Fusarium solani (16.67%). Tinea manuum and intertrigo: T.rubrum (16.67%), T.mentagrophytes (16.67%), M.gypseum (16.66%), Candida albicans (50.00%). Tinea pedis: T.rubrum (63.64%), T.mentagrophytes (9.09%), T.violaceum (9.09%), T.soudanense (9.09%), M.persicolor (9.09%). Tinea corporis: T.rubrum (57.70%), T.mentagrophytes (17.31%), T.violaceum (1.92%), T.tonsurans (1.92%),T. Erinacei (5.77%), T.verrucosum (1.92%), M.gypseum (9.62%), M.canis (1.92%), Fusarium onysix (1.92%). Tinea cruris: T.rubrum (60.32%), T.mentagrophytes (17.46%), T.violaceum (3.17%), T.tonsurans (7.94%), T.schoenleini (1.59%), T.verrucosum (1.59%), M.gypseum (3.17%), M.canis (3.17%), Epidermophyton floccosum (1.59%). Mutiple clinical type: T.rubrum (85.71%), T. mentagrophytes (10.71%), T.violaceum (3.58%). Paronychia - onychomychosis : Candida albicans (36.37%), Candida parapsilopsis (18.18%), Candida tropicalis (9,09%), Candida famata (9.09%), Candida guilliermondii (9.09%) và Trichosporon cutaneum (18.18%). Conclusion: Dermatophytes was the most prevalent cutaneous fungal infection (90.61%), followed by yeasts (7.74%) and then nondermatophytes moulds (1.65%). As the causative dermatophytes species, Trichophyton rubrum was the most frequently isolated pathogen (58.01%). T.rubrum and T.mentagrophytes were isolated from all the dermatophytosis clinical types. Candida sp and Trichosporon cutaneum were etiological agent of paronychia - onychomycosis.