Abstract
Since the advent of ion exchange resin, it has been widely used in many fields, including drug delivery systems. The drug binds to the resin through an exchange reaction to form a drug–resin complex, which can gradually release drugs through the exchange of physiological ions in the gastrointestinal tract, to realize functions such as taste masking and regulating release. In this study, the complexes of methylphenidate hydrochloride and Amberlite IRP69 were prepared and evaluated to explore the mechanism of complexation, influencing factors and release mechanism at a molecular level. Firstly, with the properties of the selected complexes, molecular dynamics simulation was innovatively used to find that the intermolecular interaction between drug molecules and ion exchange resin molecules is mainly caused by the stacking effect of π and salt bridges. Secondly, with the drug loading status as an indicator, the factors affecting the compounding process of the drug and resin were explored. Finally, the release mechanism of the drug–resin complex was studied by mathematical model fitting. In summary, a variety of methods were used to study the mechanism of complexation and release between drug and resin, providing a theoretical basis for promoting the marketing of ion−exchange resin−mediated oral preparations.
Highlights
Ion exchange resin (IER) is a polymer that contains active groups in the molecule and can perform ion exchange with other substances [1]
The molecular structure of ion exchange resin consists of three parts: [2] (1) net−like skeleton with three−dimensional structure; (2) immobile active group covalently connected to the net−like skeleton, known as the functional group; (3) the active ion bonded to the active group by ionic bond having the opposite charge to the active group, known as the counter ion
The results show that there is a certain interaction between the drug and the ion exchange resin, which significantly changes the original physicochemical properties of the drug
Summary
Ion exchange resin (IER) is a polymer that contains active groups in the molecule and can perform ion exchange with other substances [1]. In the solution, it can exchange its own ions with like−charged ions of the solution, which is a reversible chemical reaction. The drug binds to the ion exchange resin through an exchange reaction to form a drug–resin complex, which can reversibly exchange sodium, potassium, or chlorine ions in the physiological environment [4]. In the drug release process of the drug–resin complex, cation exchange and anion exchange can be described by Equations (1) and (2), where A and B are the counter ions in the physiological environment.
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