Study on the changes of cellular immunity and humoral immunity in patients with cerebral infarction

Abstract

Objective To investigate the changes of cellular and humoral immune function in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods From May 2016 to May 2017, 120 patients with cerebral infarction admitted to the Central Hospital of Chancheng District were included and were divided into mild cerebral infarction group (middle cerebral artery infarction, the diameter of infarction area 5 cm, n = 60). 120 healthy persons were selected as healthy control group. Flow cytometry (FCM) and rate scattering immune transmission turbidimetric method were used to determine lgA, lgM and lgG, and the levels of complement C3 and C4 in each group. The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, NK cells, B cells and CD4+/CD8+ percentage in peripheral blood of patients with stroke were measured. The hemodynamic index and anticardiolipin antibody (ACA) concentration were measured. The biochemical changes in carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) reflected by ACA concentration were measured. One-way ANOVA was used for comparison between groups. The sex ratio of the patients was assayed with χ2 test, the comparison between groups was chi-square analysis. The correlation between cellular immunity and humoral immunity was analyzed by linear correlation. Results The content of T lymphocyte in the severe cerebral infarction group was lower than that in the mild cerebral infarction group and the control group (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD8+ cells (27.91%±2.97%), the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ (1.98±0.03) were higher than that in the mild cerebral infarction group and the control group (P < 0.05). NK cells (12.29% ±1.58%) and B cells (12.76% ±2.00%) decreased in the severe group (P < 0.05). Compared with mild cerebral infarction group and control group, the serum levels of immunoglobulin IgG (10.60±1.06) IU/ ml decreased in the severe cerebral infarction group (P < 0.05), immunoglobulin IgA (4.01±0.35) IU/ ml, complement C3 (2.13±0.04) IU/ml and complement C4 (0.39±0.01) IU/ ml increased in severe cerebral infarction group (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in IgM (2.60±0.05) IU/ ml. Compared with mild cerebral infarction group (14.11±2.09) PLU/ml and control group (7.82±1.15) PLU/ml, serum ACA concentration in the severe cerebral infarction group (16.88±2.50) PLU/ml was increased (t = 9.153, P = 0.000). Compared with mild cerebral infarction group and control group, the contents of total cholesterol [(1.75±0.03) mmol/L] and triglyceride [(2.42±0.33) mmol/L] increased, the contents of high density lipoprotein cholesterol [(0.41±0.03) mmol/L] decreased, and the contents of low density lipoprotein cholesterol; (1.55 ±0.21) mmol/L) increased in moderate and severe cerebral infarction group (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis between cellular immune parameters and humoral immune parameters showed a negative correlation (P < 0.05). Conclusion The changes of cellular and humoral immunity in patients with cerebral infarction can guide the treatment and prognosis of cerebral infarction. Key words: Cerebral infarction patients; Cellular immunity; Humoral immunity; Biochemical indices; Hemocyte immunoglobulin