Abstract

The experiment applied on four groups of calves, each of four calves. Three calvesfrom each group were vaccinated with one of the following attenuated vaccines:Lumpy skin disease vaccine (LSD), Romanian sheep pox (RSP) vaccine, Held goatpox (HGP) vaccine and dual (bivalent) vaccine of SPV and GPV. All vaccines wereevaluated by estimating the cellular immunity using lymphocyte blastogenesismeasured by XTT assay, and humeral immunity using serum neutralization andELISA tests of vaccinated calves. The NI coincided with the ELISA antibody resultsand corroborated the results of cell mediated immunity which demonstrated thecapacity of LSD and dual vaccines to induce immune response higher than SPvaccine and GP vaccines. In conclusion, the current study proved that the LSD anddual vaccines were highly immunogenic than the RSP and HGP vaccines, and dualvaccine could be safely used for vaccination of cattle against lumpy skin disease.

Highlights

  • Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an insect born infectious seldom fatal disease of cattle clinically characterized by skin eruption

  • The aim of this work is to evaluate the capability of dual capripox vaccine (Romanian sheep pox and Held goat pox) for protection of cattle against LSD infection in Egypt compared to the attenuated LSD virus vaccine, sheep pox virus vaccine and goat pox virus vaccine by detecting both the cellular and humoral immunity of cattle

  • The post-vaccinal reaction The post-vaccinal reactions were recorded in calves vaccinated with LSD and dual vaccines and not visually detected in calves vaccinated with goat pox vaccine while sheep pox vaccine immunized calves showed just mild swelling at the site of injection (Figs. 1-3)

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Summary

Introduction

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an insect born infectious seldom fatal disease of cattle clinically characterized by skin eruption. The incidence of LSD is high during wet seasons when biting insect populations are abundant, and decreases during the dry season (Gari et al 2010). The disease was first described in Northern Rhodesia (currently Zambia) in 1929 and rapidly spread in cattle over most of the African countries (Davis, 1991). It is a viral, enzootic infectious, eruptive disease cause significant economic losses to cattle industry due to chronic debility in infected cattle, reduction in milk production, abortion, temporary or permanent sterility, damaged hides and deaths (Tuppurainen and Oura, 2012)

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