STUDY ON SPATIAL STRUCTURES OF OKURA-SYO IN JAPAN DURING THE EDO PERIOD (PART 2) : CONDITIONS THAT FORMED THE TYPE OF BUILDING ARRANGEMENT

Abstract

1: The purpose of this study was to clarify the conditions that formed the type of building arrangement in the Okura-syo (water transportation facilities) of various domains. In western Japan, Okura-syo with basic type are few in each domain, and many domains have a unique building arrangement. Examples include the Daisyoji Domain, Fukui Domain, Tottori Domain, Yanagawa Domain, and Kumamoto Domain. These Okura-syo had a spatial structures that is rarely seen in other regions, such as gates exclusively for carrying thing in or carrying thing out, divided yard, and two types of storehouses. 2: Research procedures are shown. In western Japan, domains without an inspection station were prominent, and influence on type by an inspection station were predicted. 3: First, inspection station, gates, yards surrounded by storehouses and facilities (Okura, etc.) were shown for each domain. Next, a typical Okura-syo in the domain which had a unique building arrangement were shown through the spatial formation method. 4: The unique building arrangement were grouped into Enclosure Group and Parallel Group. In the Enclosure Group, there were two cases. First, a case that a storehouse connect to the next storehouses; “Connected type”. Second, a case that a storehouse separate from the next storehouses; “Non-connected type”. In the “Connected type”, there were two cases. First, a case that all storehouses are same kind. Second, a case that storehouses are two kind; storehouses of two kind are arranged in the site as separating to each. In the “Non-connected type”, there were two cases. First, a case that a storehouse exists in the yard. Second, a case that many storehouses exist in the yard. On the other hand, in the Parallel Group, there was a case that a storehouse is not opposite the other storehouse. They were classified into four categories according to whether they are basic type or non-basic type and whether they have an inspection station, and commonalities for each category were clarified. There were tendencies regarding the number of gates and the appearance of yards in each category. From this, it was predicted that an inspection station and the number of gates influenced its types. 5: The following points were mentioned as conditions for basic types. The Okura-syo owned by Tottori domain become the parallel type when the ridge of an inspection station (have a distance from the front gate) is parallel to the line connecting the front and back gates, and when the ridge is parallel to the direction that the gates open. When this was not the case, it was an enclosure type. Each domain's Okura-syo that did not have an inspection station were easy to type when one gates had, and when had restrictions of the site. When it was a relatively few buildings, and when the gates were opened to the same direction as the ridges of storehouses that form the types, they became the parallel types. When there were many buildings, they became the enclosure types. 6: Summary. Looking at the Okura-syo in western Japan in the late Edo period, the building arrangement was acquire mainly by the domain's unique spatial formation methods, but it was concluded that they became the basic type according to conditions such as the number of gates, the spatial structures between gates and buildings, and the surrounding environment.