Abstract
Background: Head and neck lesions are commonly encountered in patients across all age groups. This region encompasses a multitude of congenital, inflammatory or neoplastic lesions. FNAC is a clinically appropriate procedure associated with minimal trauma and complications for patients for analysis of head and neck swellings because of factors such as easy approachability of the target site, increased compliance and helping to avoid surgery in non-neoplastic lesions, inflammatory conditions and also some tumors. Objective: This study is undertaken to assess the accuracy of cytopathological diagnosis of head and neck lesions by FNAC and to correlate and analyze FNAC of head and neck lesions with that of histopathological study. Material and Methods: The present study was Laboratory based Cross sectional descriptive type of observational study. A total of 100 cases undergoing FNAC among the head and neck lesion were enrolled for present study. FNAC was done using 10 cc disposable syringe and 22/23 gauge needle taking all aseptic precautions. Both aspiration and non-aspiration techniques were used wherever required. Smears were stained with PAP, Haematoxylin-Eosin stain and Leishman stain. Zeihl-Neelsen staining for acid fast bacilli was done in suspected tubercular lesions. Results: Out of 100 patients lymph node lesions (46%) was the predominant site of FNAC. Out of 46 lesions of Lymph node; tubercular lymphadenitis was the most common pathological findings. Among 28 thyroid lesion Colloid goitre (45.5%) was the predominant finding. Out of 18 salivary gland lesions the most common lesion was pleomorphic adenoma. Out of 14 soft tissue and miscellaneous lesions benign lesions were commonest finding. Conclusion: FNAC is a simple, rapid and cheap diagnostic tool that can be done as an outpatient procedure with overall accuracy rate of more than 90 % which differentiates non-neoplastic lesions from neoplastic lesions thus avoiding unnecessary surgeries.
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