Study on risk factors affecting nonunion of fractures

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Nonunion is one of the most common complications of fracture healing. The incidence of nonunion is believed to vary from 5% to 10%. AIM: The aim of the research is to study the risk factors affecting nonunion of fractures and analyze the treatment taken, and it is bearing on nonunion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study is a cross-sectional observational study with purposive sampling done in the orthopedic department. A total of 71 patients were selected, and a questionnaire was filled in with data obtained from the patient and medical records. Radiological evidence was also used to confirm the nonunion. RESULTS: The sample included 48 men and 23 women. Of the females, 21 had attained menopause (91%). About 58% of the patients had taken treatment from Traditional Bone Setters (TBS), and 49% of the patients first went to a TBS before coming to the allopathic physician for fracture treatment. About 45% of the patients had a very short duration of immobilization of their fractures. A history of previous malignancy, bone cyst, or other illnesses lead to a longer time for recovery and return to work (P = 0.0339). Patients who had infected fractures had a significantly more number of surgeries than those without infection (P = 0.015). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use during treatment of fracture was also associated with nonunion (P = 0.0077), especially in allopathic medicine. CONCLUSION: Nonunion continues to be a significant problem for all orthopedic surgeons despite their best ability to prevent them. A complete examination of the patient with relevant investigations and selection of the most suitable and appropriate treatment for each individual should be carried out; since each person is unique, and every fracture is not alike.