Study on prevalence of mycoflora on seeds of spring wheat in the conditions of the Samara region

Abstract

Wheat seeds are a favorable environment for pathogenic mycoflora, which in turn causes a decrease in seed viability and the release of various mycotoxins that significantly affect the growth and development of plants. The study of the phytosanitary condition of spring soft wheat seed material of competitive variety testing for the seed borne pathogen was carried out. As a result of research, a high degree of infection of seeds with pathogens of root rot and mold on a natural infectious background was revealed. The studied seed samples were dominated by fungi: Alternaria sp. (with a percentage frequency from 3 to 23% in favorable years and 36-53% in unfavorable years, and a relative abundance of 7.9-54.8% and 48-69. 2%, respectively), Fusarium sp. (with a percentage frequency from 8 to 26% in favorable years and 1-19% in unfavorable years, and a relative abundance of 17.9-61.9% and 8-33. 3%, respectively) and a group of fungi that cause seed mold. Differences in precipitation and relative humidity may be a possible reason for differences in the frequency of occurrence and in the form of fungi found on wheat seeds in different years.