Abstract
In view of the key technical problems of ultrahigh-speed laser cladding, this paper has studied the influence of different laser power, powder feeding rate, and carrier gas velocity on the formation of the cladding layer. A theoretical model of the powder flow field in the laser cladding process has been established. An energy attenuation algorithm based on the powder shading ratio has been designed, and the particle thermal field has been analyzed. We verified their feasibility with four radially symmetrical powder flow nozzles and extended them to the annular cladding nozzles. It is found that the powder spot temperature can be increased by increasing the laser power and setting powder focus point 0–2 mm above the laser focus point, and the utilization of laser energy in powder can be improved by reducing the particle size and increasing the powder feeding rate and carrier gas velocity. The results provide theoretical references for the application of ultrahigh-speed laser cladding on the surface strengthening of shaft components.
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