Study on Penetration Effect of Heavy Metal Migration in Different Soil Types

Abstract

Soil column permeability experiments were conducted in the laboratory to study the transport characteristics of five heavy metal ions of Mn2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, Cr2+, and Cu2+ in saturated loess, sandy soil and compound soil. The results showed that the texture of soil and the characteristics of heavy metal ions have a common effect on the transport of heavy metal ions. The migration process of five metals in eight soils is different, and the same soil conditions, different metals, and the migration process are different. Very large, the same metal, different soils are also very different. The penetration rates of the five heavy metal ions were Mn2+>Ni2+>Cd2+>Cu2+ >Cr2+. Mn2+ is the most easily migrating in both soils, requiring the shortest penetration time and a smaller retardation factor than other metals, suggesting that the resistance to penetration is minimal. The penetration time of all metals in sandy soil and compound soil is less than that in loess, and the pore flow velocity is much higher than the pore flow velocity in loess. The migration resistance of loess to all metals is much higher than that of sandy soil and compound soil. Metal migration resistance. The adsorption performance of the five heavy metal ions on the five heavy metals is higher than that of the sandy soil and the compound soil. The sandy soil originates from the impact slope of the flood land. The soil clay, cation exchange capacity and organic matter are all lower than that of the loess, and the adsorption of heavy metal ions is better. weak. Heavy metal ions are easy to migrate in sandy soils in the mining area, which infiltrate deep into the soil or into groundwater, causing pollution. Heavy metal ions in loess do not migrate easily and can be adsorbed on the surface or shallow surface for a short time. It is not easy to cause deeper contamination of groundwater, but it also causes As surface runoff migrates laterally to rivers or other areas and expands the area of pollution, no matter which kind of metal in the mining area, the content of which is too high can cause pollution to the environment and cause adverse effects.