Abstract
In this study, porous methacrylate-modified FDU-12/poly(methyl methacrylate) and amine-modified FDU-12/Nylon 6 nanocomposites were synthesized via a facile solution casting protocol. The physicochemical properties of the prepared materials were studied using various characterization techniques including Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, field emission-scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption. After characterization of the materials, the prepared nanocomposites were applied as novel adsorbents for the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous media. In this regard, the effect of various parameters including solution pH, adsorbent amount, contact time, and initial concentration of Pb(II) on the adsorption process was investigated. To study the mechanism of adsorption, kinetic studies were conducted. The kinetic models of pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion were employed. The results revealed that the adsorption of Pb(II) onto methacrylate-modified FDU-12/poly(methyl methacrylate) and amine-modified FDU-12/Nylon 6 adsorbents followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Also, different isotherms including Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich were applied to evaluate the equilibrium adsorption data. Langmuir isotherm provided the best fit with the equilibrium data of both adsorbents with maximum adsorption capacities of 99.0 and 94.3 mg g-1 for methacrylate-modified FDU-12/poly(methyl methacrylate) and amine-modified FDU-12/Nylon 6, respectively, for the removal of Pb(II).
Highlights
Today, the discharge of environmental contaminants especially heavy metals (Pb(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Cr(VI), etc.) in the environment caused drastic concerns about the health of individuals exposed to them
The methacrylateand amine-functionalized FDU-12 materials were applied as nanofiller for the preparation of two nanocomposites using poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and Nylon 6 (NY6) as organic polymers
For FDU-12-MA and FDU-12-TA, in addition to the bands observed for pure FDU-12, new bands related to the organic part of the silane coupling agent are appeared
Summary
The discharge of environmental contaminants especially heavy metals (Pb(II), Cd(II), Hg(II), Cr(VI), etc.) in the environment caused drastic concerns about the health of individuals exposed to them. The use of nanosized particles in the polymer matrixes provides high-performance hybrid nanocomposite materials with widespread applications. Mesoporous silica materials have attracted much attention to use as adsorbent or a part of adsorbent in polymer matrix nanocomposites due to their unique properties They provide high surface area, functionalizable surface, and tailorable pore dimensions which make them a good candidate for adsorption processes. A plethora of mesoporous silica materials (examples include MCMs, SBAs, KCC-1, KITs, FDUs) with a wide range of pore geometries and particle morphologies have been introduced and used for widespread applications, especially for adsorption [24, 25]. Our results showed the potential of methacrylate- and amine-functionalized FDU-12 for the adsorption of Pb(II) ions as a model of heavy metals from aqueous media
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