Study on Li-ion battery fast charging strategies: Review, challenges and proposed charging framework

Abstract

The long charging time of Li-ion batteries in comparison to ICEV (Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle) refuelling time is a barrier to the adoption of Li-ion-based EV. The electric vehicle industry believes that increasing the current rate (C-rate) will reduce charging time, but this increases the cell degradation rate. As a result, the need of the hour is to develop a health-aware battery fast charging strategy. Numerous research was conducted to develop an optimal charging algorithm, but the high complexity of the algorithms attracted fewer industries to adopt these strategies. This paper reviews twenty-six charging strategies that have a low computational burden and easy adaptability. The critical research direction facilitates understanding the limitations and provides a solution for the strategical industrial adaptability. The keys have been investigated further, and steps for developing a comprehensive charging framework have been devised. The proposed framework helps in charging management system development using a graphical user interface-based fast-charging controller. This controller aims to provide an industry-ready hybrid fast charging strategy adaptation. The fast charging rate, low battery degradation, and low complexity will facilitate faster industrial adaptation and encourage consumers to switch to EVs.