Abstract
As one of the carbon-based nanomaterials with extremely superior and comprehensive performance, nanodiamonds (NDs) have very important research value and quite widespread commercial application prospects. The dispersion of NDs in different media greatly affects its actual performance. In this work, the dispersion state of NDs in 21 different kinds of solvents was investigated by observation method, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and ultraviolet-visible (UV–vis) light absorbance. The result showed that NDs are well dispersed in solvents with high polar component and appropriate hydrogen bond component parameters, such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), dimethylacetamide (DMAc) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Based on the dispersion tests, the Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) of NDs were fitted by the Hansen sphere method using MATLAB software with results of δD = 17.5 MPa1/2, δP = 14.2 MPa1/2, δH = 10.5 MPa1/2, δt = 24.9 MPa1/2 and R0 = 9.5 MPa1/2. Three various kinds of solvents with different Hansen spatial distances (Ra) from the NDs, xylenes, acetone (ACE), and DMF, were further used to prepare polyethylene oxide (PEO) composites with 0.5 wt% NDs by casting, respectively. The composite prepared in the DMF with the smallest value of Ra among all the three, had a better dispersion of the fillers. The obtained HSPs of NDs enrich the database of HSPs of nanomaterials, which can not only guide us to choose suitable dispersion media of NDs, but also help us to evaluate the properties of NDs composites.
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