Study on electrochemical performance of multi-wall carbon nanotubes coated by iron oxide nanoparticles as advanced electrode materials for supercapacitors

Abstract

Iron oxide was deposited on surface of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Fe2O3@MWNTs) by atomic layer deposition (ALD). By a following calcination process, the electrochemical performance of the Fe2O3@MWNTs nanocompisites was further improved. From the X-ray diffraction and Raman spectra analysis of nanocomposites, Fe2O3 nanocrystallites were found to be successfully formed after a simple calcination process. The transmission electron microscopy revealed that Fe2O3 nanoparticles with the size of less than 10 nm are uniformly anchored on the surface of MWNTs. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy further confirmed that the valence state of iron in the composites is +3 and no other impurities were detected. The Fe2O3@MWNTs nanocomposites were investigated as electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitor. Electrochemical test results exhibited a high specific capacitance with 787 F g−1 at a discharge current density of 1 A g−1 and an outstanding rate performance (72% capacitance retention at 30 A g−1), and even after 5000 cycles the capacity retention was still maintained at 91.6%.