Study on Design and Fabrication of 4 Wheel Steering Mechanism

Abstract

This study focuses on the design and fabrication of a four-wheeled steering (4WS) mechanism, a technology that enables all four wheels of a vehicle to turn, thus enhancing control and manoeuvrability. Four-wheel steering allows for significant improvement in a vehicle's turning circle at low speeds by enabling the rear wheels to turn in the opposite direction to the front wheels. At high speeds, this system contributes to increased stability and a reduced risk of over steer. Despite these advantages, 4WS systems are complex and expensive, which has limited their prevalence in the automotive market. The Honda Prelude, introduced in 1987, was the first car equipped with 4WS. However, the technology has not been widely adopted, largely due to driver unfamiliarity with the control dynamics at low speeds. This research aims to explore the potential benefits of 4WS and assess its future adoption prospects as technological advancements and cost reductions are realized. Through detailed analysis and experimental fabrication, this study seeks to contribute to the understanding and potential application of 4WS in modern vehicles.