Abstract
Introduction: Variations in branching of popliteal artery is important for the orthopaedicians, vascular surgeons and radiologists. The present study was conducted to assess the anatomical variations in popliteal artery, its terminal branching pattern. Subjects and Methods: The present cross-sectional study included 72 lower limbs received for cadaveric dissection. Anatomical variations of the popliteal artery were noted. Results: Type IA was the most common pattern seen (87.5%) followed by IB (5.6%) and IC (2.8%). One each of types IIA2, IIB and IIC were also seen. Mean length of 162.1 7.9 mm was observed from adductor magnus to the bifurcation point of popliteal artery. Conclusion: Type IA was the most common branching pattern seen in this area. However, types IB, IC, IIA2, IIB and IIC were also seen.
Highlights
IntroductionFemoral artery continues obliquely from the osseoaponeurotic opening of adductor magnus to the lower border of popliteus muscle as popliteal artery
Variations in branching of popliteal artery is important for the orthopaedicians, vascular surgeons and radiologists
Type I B is the trifurcation pattern and is seen where the anterior tibial, peroneal and posterior tibial artery arise within 0.5cm and there is no tibioperoneal trunk
Summary
Femoral artery continues obliquely from the osseoaponeurotic opening of adductor magnus to the lower border of popliteus muscle as popliteal artery It terminates by dividing into anterior and posterior tibial arteries. Variations in branching of popliteal artery is seen as a result of the persistence of segments, abnormal fusion and segmental hypoplasia or aplasia in the lower limb vasculature Type I B is the trifurcation pattern and is seen where the anterior tibial, peroneal and posterior tibial artery arise within 0.5cm and there is no tibioperoneal trunk. The posterior tibial artery is the 1st branch which arises above knee joint and has a common trunk for anterior tibial and peroneal arteries. In type IIC, the peroneal artery which is the first branch arises at or above knee joint and has common trunk for anterior tibial artery and posterior tibial artery.
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