Abstract
Background: To assess the changes occurring in the placenta due to anemia, pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and whether these changes were reversible with treatment when they were diagnosed in early stages. Subjects and Methods: The study is conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, DVVPF’s Medical College, Ahmednagar on 200 anemic patients, 180 PIH patients and 650 GDM patients. Placentae were collected, stored in a 10% formalin solution. Morphological changes in respect to shape, weight, diameter, thickness, number of cotyledons and site of insertion of the cord are observed and documented. Results: In anemic patients who has undergone treatment, there were a smaller number of irregular (37/100) and round (63/100) round placentae were seen, whereas in the untreated anemic group, round (09/100) round and irregular (91/100) irregular placentae were seen. In PIH group with treatment, round (57/90) placentae and irregular (33/90) placentae were seen, whereas, in the untreated group, 13/100 round/oval placentae were observed and 77/100 irregular placentae were seen. Conclusion: Morphology of placenta is on error mode in untreated anemia, PIH and GDM. Diagnosis in the first trimester and on consequent treatment till the delivery is resulting in decreasing of irregular morphology of placenta and wellbeing of newborns.
Highlights
The placenta is a mirror that reflects the intrauterine status of the fetus. promotes normal fetal development
The severity of anemia among expectant mothers is judged by criteria suggested by the world health organization (WHO)
We aim to study the changes in the placenta with and without treatment
Summary
The placenta is a mirror that reflects the intrauterine status of the fetus. promotes normal fetal development. It is an organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall, thereby allowing nutrient uptake, waste elimination, and gas exchange via the mother’s blood supply. Proper vascular development in the placenta is fundamental to ensuring a healthy fetus and successful pregnancy required for spontaneous induction of labor. Anemia in pregnancy is well recognized and often observed in developing countries. To assess the changes occurring in the placenta due to anemia, pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH), Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and whether these changes were reversible with treatment when they were diagnosed in early stages. In PIH group with treatment, round (57/90) placentae and irregular (33/90) placentae were seen, whereas, in the untreated group, 13/100 round/oval placentae were observed and 77/100 irregular placentae were seen. Conclusion: Morphology of placenta is on error mode in untreated anemia, PIH and GDM. Diagnosis in the first trimester and on consequent treatment till the delivery is resulting in decreasing of irregular morphology of placenta and wellbeing of newborns
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