Study of wild barley species in Southern Dagestan conditions

Abstract

Wild-growing barley is widely distributed in Dagestan from the coastal lowland to the subalpine zone and is a good fodder and soil-strengthening plant. The study of wild-growing species of barley in the aspect: distribution, systematic diversity, significance are devoted to the works of prominent scientists (Vavilov, Grossheim, Lvov, Kobylyansky, Omarov, Zhukovsky, Tsvelev), which, in the context of the distribution and use of species of the genus Barley in Dagestan, are summarized by Omarov D.S. [6] Wild species are of interest as carriers of valuable breeding traits and can be included in breeding and genetic programs for the possible introgression of valuable genes into the cultivated barley genotype in order to create new promising varieties with a high adaptive potential. At the Dagestan Experimental Station of VIR in 2020-2022 a field study of 114 samples of wild-growing barley species from the VIR collection was carried out to identify the breeding value of these "wild" forms of plants. The sample included representatives of five species: H.spontaneum, H.bulbosum, H.murinum, H.hrasdanicum, and H.glaucum of different ecological and geographical origin. The samples were evaluated for resistance to barley fungal diseases widespread in the region (powdery mildew, dwarf and yellow rust). Interspecific and intraspecific differentiation in terms of resistance to these biotic factors is shown. Resistant forms recommended as sources and susceptible forms as testers are noted.