Study of transport phenomenon in Carreau fluid using Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model with temperature dependent diffusion coefficients

Abstract

This article uses non-Fourier theory to investigate the transport phenomenon in Carreau liquid of temperature dependent diffusion coefficients. The governing problems are solved by finite element method (FEM) and simulated results for different values of Prandtl and Schmidt numbers, viscosity parameter, local Wiessenberg number, chemical reaction parameter, heat generation/absorption parameter and thermal and concentration relaxation parameters are displayed graphically. The relaxation parameters have a tendency to decrease the temperature and concentration field for both cases of variable and constant dynamic viscosity. Thermal relaxation time has significant decreasing behavior on the temperature. Thermal boundary layer relaxation time has significant decreasing behavior on the temperature. Thermal boundary layer thickness in the Carreau liquid obeying classical Fourier’s law is greater than that in the Carreau liquid obeying Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model further, the thermal boundary layer thickness associated with Carreau liquid of variable viscosity is greater or smaller than the thermal boundary layer thickness associated with Carreau liquid of constant viscosity. More heat transfer in liquids obeying classical Fourier’s laws of conduction is possible rather than transfer of heat in liquids obeying Cattaneo–Christov flux model. Thermo-elasticity in fluid flow has shown a decreasing trend in the transport of heat and mass.