Abstract
The object of research is a natural silicate with a layer-band structure - palygorskite of the Cherkasy deposit (Ukraine). One of the problematic areas in the technology of sorption purification of aqueous media using palygorskite is the absence of kinship of the mineral in anionic forms of pollution. Therefore, its use as a sorbent to extract ions Cr(VI) , U(VI) , As(V) , which are in aqueous media in anionic forms, is ineffective. In the course of the study, XRD methods, thermal analysis and a spectrophotometric method are used to study the sorption properties of synthesized materials. The structures of palygorskite and modified samples are studied using -ray diffraction analysis (XRD). After treatment with Na-PG, changes in its crystal structure are observed. There is a shift of the peaks toward large angles 2θ. Comparison of the diffractograms OPG-1 and OPG-2 allows to conclude that the reflection with the same indices is not relatively displaced, but their intensity is different. In OPG-2, the intensity of most peaks is higher. The thermal properties of palygorskite and the resulting composites are studied. According to the results of sorption studies, it is established that palygorskite modified at a ratio of CEC/surfactant=1 can remove up to 97.8 % of Cr(VI) ions. This is 16.2 times more than adsorbing natural palygorskite. As a result of studies of the Cr(VI) adsorption on Na-PG, OPG-1 and OPG-2, it has been shown that modifying the palygorskite surface by GDTMA can increase the adsorption of Cr(VI) from 0.45 mg/g and 9.2 mg/g, respectively. And for the initial concentration of the solution is 100 mg/l to 4.2 and 12.3 mg/l, respectively. Increasing the volume of practical use of natural silicate materials contributes to a comprehensive solution of environmental issues, resource saving and technology for the production of sorbents for the extraction of anionic forms of Cr ( VI ) and U ( VI ) from aqueous solutions.
Highlights
The object of research is a natural silicate with a stratified ribbon structure – palygorskite of the Cherkasy deposit (Ukraine), with a cation exchange capacity (CEC) of 0.25 mmol/g [2]
Na-palygorskite (Na-PPG) and mineral samples were chosen for sorption experiments, they were modified at a ratio of CEC/surfactant equal to 1:1 and 1:2 and named OPG-1 and OPG-2, respectively
Comparison of the diffractograms OPG-1 and OPG-2 allows to conclude that the reflection with the same indices is not relatively displaced, but their intensity is different
Summary
In the technology of water purification, next to activated carbon and synthetic ion exchangers, mineral sorbents of natural origin become increasingly important [1]. Palygorskite is a natural silicate with a layered tape structure. It has a wide range of industrial applications due to its special adsorption, colloid-rheological and catalytic properties, which are the basis of many technological processes. The change in the surface of palygorskite from hydrophilic to hydrophobic allows the use of organomodified mineral to extract anions of heavy metals and radionuclides. This determines the relevance of scientific and technical developments for solving the problem of directed synthesis of effective sorbents based on natural silicates with the studied properties and structure
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