STUDY OF THE SPECIFIC ACTIVITY OF THE PHYTOCOMPOSITION ON THE DEXAMETHASONE-INDUCED INSULIN RESISTANCE

Abstract

Introduction. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) has recently become an epidemic in the population. There are approximately 463 million patients in the world, and according to experts from the International Diabetes Federation, it is expected to increase to 700 million people by 2045, of which more than 90 % will fall on DM2. Despite the significant progress made in studying the pathogenesis of DM, the presence of a wide range of antidiabetic drugs, diabetes remains an acute medical and social problem.
 The aim of the study – to investigate the specific activity of the phytocomposition, which contains dry extracts of white mulberry leaves (Morus alba L.), common beans shells (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), bilberry sprouts (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) in the experimental model of insulin resistance caused by dexamethasone injections.
 Research Methods. The experiments were performed on male rats aged three months and weight (200±20) g. Experimental animals were divided into the following groups: negative and positive control, two reference groups, which received Arfazetin and metformin respectively, and experimental group, which received phytocomposition. Insulin resistance was modeled by intramuscular administration of glucocorticosteroid dexamethasone (0.125 mg/kg daily for 13 days in the morning). The state of glucose homeostasis was assessed by changes in basal glycemia and under oral glucose tolerance test, short insulin and adrenalin test. Functional glycemic coefficients were also calculated. Statistical processing was performed using computer programs IBM SPSS Statistics v.10.1 and MS Excel 2010.
 Results and Discussion. Basal glycemia after modeling insulin resistance in the experimental group, which received the phytocomposition, was significantly lower by 19.0 % from the positive control group and did not differ from the activity of metformin. During the oral glucose tolerance test, the phytocomposition significantly inhibited the growth of glycemia in all studied periods relative to the indicators of the positive control group. Functional glycemic coefficients, which were obtained based on test data, did not exceed the norm. Insulin sensitivity under the influence of phytomedicine increased by 16.2 % above the positive control group, indicating inhibition of insulin resistance development under its influence. The studied phytocomposition inhibited the development of adrenaline glycemia by 42.9, 70.2 % after 30 and 90 min, respectively, relative to the positive control group, which corresponds to the indicators of the negative control group and reference group, which received Arfazetin, but this decrease is not enough to exceed the effect of metformin.
 Conclusions. The obtained results indicate that the studied phytocomposition inhibits the development of insulin resistance and carbohydrate tolerance in the conditions of insulin resistance caused by the introduction of dexamethasone.