Study of the process of tool forming made of high-strength materials

Abstract

The work covers the problems of forming tools cutting elements equipped with high-strength tool materials as exemplified by hard alloy tools for machining of non-metallic composite materials. The reasons for the formation of various defects, such as chips, cracks, breaks, burns, unwanted interphase structural transformations in the surface layers and the formation of high residual stresses in the wedge in areas where the grinding wheel contacted with the element being sharpened are indicated. The need for a comprehensive assessment of the quality of cutting blade shaping is noted. The need of technological system modeling of an abrasive tool - machined high-strength material is substantiated, since conducting of a comparative analysis of forming cutting elements methods from high-strength materials empirically is a rather long, laborious and economically inefficient process. At the same time, a detailed study of the regularities of stress-strain state formation in the elements of the cutting tool from difficult-to-work tool materials during grinding is required. The initial data are determined and restrictions are imposed on the system under study. The accepted assumptions do not limit the processes study, but allow us to estimate the contact processes occurring in the cutting zone. A method for the tool forming modeling process equipped with high-strength, difficult-to-work materials is given. The constructed model will allow: 1) to determine the rational ranges of technological machining modes, which will ensure the formation of a high-quality cutting edge during the sharpening process; 2) to carry out a comparative analysis of the methods of grinding tools equipped with cutting elements of high-strength materials, with the aim to choose the most favorable method for sharpening at the preliminary stages of technological preparation of tool-making facilities; 3) reduce the amount of empirical research, which in its turn will reduce the time spent on research, material consumption and improve the economic efficiency of research, due to reduced number of the experiments series.