Study of the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the synchronous motor with varying resistive torque

The paper presents the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the synchronous motor for imposed moment variations at the shaft. The test setup is presented, used to determine the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the synchronous motor. Modelling the resistive torque allows the loading with different torsion vibrations. It is presented the used experimental workbench in order to determine the mechanical and electrical characteristics of synchronous motors in such conditions. The engine torque model allows the shaft to be loaded with variable resistive torque values generated by an electromechanical brake. The characteristics presented show the mechanical characteristic of the synchronous motor. Mechanical rotation speed characteristics are presented based on the variation of the resistive torque for 40 seconds, taking note of the value of the resistance when the motor exits synchronism. The determination of these characteristics are made based on the variation of the excitation current applied to the rotor winding of the synchronous motor.

By comparing the literature at home and abroad, according to the working process and principle of shunt excited DC motor, the working characteristics and mechanical characteristics of the motor are analyzed by Simulink software. Among them, the working characteristics cover the speed characteristics and torque characteristics, and the mechanical characteristics include the inherent mechanical characteristics and artificial mechanical characteristics. The working characteristics of motor speed and torque are analyzed when the magnetic flux and armature resistance are changed. At the same time, the effects of changing the armature voltage, armature resistance and series resistance on the inherent and artificial characteristics of the motor, and the suggestions for starting the motor are given.

The paper presents the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the synchronous motor at different imposed variations of torque over time. Modelling the resistive torque allows the loading with different capacities vibrations. The experimental setup is designed and presented in such a way as to allow a servomotor to stop the synchronous motor in variable torque values. The resulting characteristics highlight the mechanical characteristics of the synchronous motor as well as the resistance to repeated sudden repeated breaking within a shorter or longer period, observing the evolution of the speed up to the point of desynchronisation of the motor. It is presented the mechanical characteristics of the mechanical power, electrical current, rotational speed and mechanical torque in function of time observing the behaviour of the synchronous machine when applying sudden varying resistive torques and its de-synchronization. The determination of these characteristics is made at a constant value of the excitation current.

This paper presents the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the synchronous motor for variations of the required moment. It is presented the test configuration used to determine the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the synchronous motor. Engine torque modelling allows the shaft to be loaded with various resistive moments generated by an electromechanical brake. The presented characteristics highlight the mechanical characteristic of the synchronous motor, which does not depend on the resistant mechanical torque of the working machine during the technological process. There are presented the mechanical characteristics of the rotation speed depending on the variation of the resistant moment until the synchronism exit of the synchronous motor. The determination of these characteristics is dependent on the variation of the excitation current of the synchronous motor.

Today, performance improvements such as reducing the time response and enhancing the efficiency of the electrical motor are one of the most important challenges. In the design of a permanent-magnet (PM) motor, the variables for sizing include the shape ratio (SR), the torque per rotor volume (TRV), and the torque density (TD), and these variables are important for determining the mechanical and electrical characteristics of the motor. This study investigated the changing patterns of the motor parameters (back electromotive force, inductance, resistance, etc.) and the motor characteristics with the changes in the SR, TRV, and TD with respect to the PM synchronous motor, and sought to determine the SR and TRV values. Toward these ends, this study proceeded with the initial design of the spoke-type (flux-concentrated) PM motor. Then, the motor parameters of the initial model were calculated using finite-element analysis. Based on the motor parameters of the initial model, the changing patterns of the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the motor according to the changes in the SR, TRV, and TD were investigated. In addition, the SR, TRV, or split ratio that can enhance the mechanical characteristics and efficiency of the motor were determined and reflected in the design.

Manufactures of automotive parts are struggling to secure redundancy in various ways. An alternative is to configure the system via a dual-winding motor and two electronic control units (ECUs). The dual-winding motor contains different winding arrangements according to poles/slots, and when only one of the two circuits is used owing to a failure, the electrical and mechanical characteristics differ depending on the winding arrangement. In this study, the electrical and mechanical characteristics were analyzed and compared according to the winding arrangement when the failure occurs. In particular, the winding arrangement of the motor is divided into line symmetry, point symmetry, and alternating symmetry. For each winding arrangement, the back-electromotive force, torque, and torque ripple were compared and analyzed through simulation and test. Also, vibration caused by electromagnetic force was analyzed. Here, to consider the tooth modulation effect, concentrated force was investigated and tangential force as well as radial force were considered. Additionally, the thermal characteristics were analyzed during fault operation using a lumped parameter thermal network with piecewise stator-housing modules. Lastly, the mechanical design characteristics of the motor hardware size that need to be changed according to the winding arrangement of the brake motor are explained. This study provides guidelines for the winding arrangement selection of a dual-winding motor with a similar magnetic field distribution suitable for the design purpose, by analyzing the electromechanical characteristics and size according to the winding arrangement during fault operation. The characteristics of other motor types or pole and slot number combinations can also be inferred from the results of this study, since the magnetic flux density distribution will be determined with line, point and alternating symmetry.

Research objective of this article is the ultimate mechanical characteristics estimation of the traction motor electric transmission of the vehicle by example of car. The author pointed parameters required for the calculation ofthe limit mechanical characteristics. In the article, the author gives basic types of electric motors used as traction motor: DC motor, asynchronous motor with squirrel cage rotor, synchronous motor with permanent magnet and switch reluctance motor. Main advantages and disadvantages of traction electric motor used for electric transmission of vehicle are given. The author give forces acting on the vehicle. The traction balance based on these forces are given. The author justifies, that the best of curve type of ultimate of mechanical characteristics is the hyperbole. The author proposes to calculate the key points of hyperbole in accordance with operational parameters. The driving cycles, used for determining of fuel consumption and power reserve, are discussed in the article. The author considers it necessary to use modern test driving cycle WLTC for calculate of mechanical characteristics of traction electric motor for determine some parameters of vehicle and main mechanical characteristics of electric traction motor.

Three-phase asynchronous motor is widely used in all walks of life. It is of great significance to study the mechanical characteristics of the motor for the correct selection and use of a motor. The expressions of the mechanical characteristics of a three-phase asynchronous motor include parameter expression, practical expression, and linear expression. Through the simulation analysis of different expressions of mechanical characteristics, the practical expression is usually used to calculate the three-phase asynchronous motor in practical application, which can avoid the tedious calculation of parameter expression. The parameter expression is more suitable for qualitative analysis. The linear expression is suitable for the linear segment of the motor mechanical characteristic.

Calculation of mechanical and electromechanical characteristics of widely spread induction motor drives requires a different set of parameters depending on the problem being solved. The operating, mechanical and energy characteristics of an induction motor drive can be calculated using the electrical equivalent circuit. However the manufacturers of induction motors do not provide information about the parameters of the equivalent circuit in the electric machine parameters passport data. The only parameters well known are the parameters for induction motors of the 4A series. At the same time absolute parameters are necessary for simulation, setting up frequency converters (FC) in vector control systems and making express analyses of scalar frequency control systems operability in a large range of the rotation speed and torque. In this paper, the simplified method for calculating the mechanical characteristics of an induction motor drive with frequency scalar control based on reference data of absolute parameters of induction motors (IM) of the 4A series is considered.

A new type of piezoelectric motor using a roller clutch mechanism

Purpose The purpose of this study is to propose a novel prediction model for motor characteristics in the topology optimization (TO) of synchronous reluctance motors (SynRMs) using a Swin Transformer (ST) model. It was demonstrated that ST exhibits superior prediction accuracy compared to the convolutional neural network (CNNs) method for SynRMs. The attention mechanism that constitutes ST is employed to visualize the characteristic contribution region of the SynRMs. Design/methodology/approach The ST model was trained using datasets generated by TO. These datasets represent the material distributions in the SynRM rotors and their associated torque characteristics. The ST architecture uses a window-based, multi-head self-attention mechanism to capture global and local image features. The prediction accuracy of the average torque or peak-to-peak value of the torque was evaluated against the finite element method results, with CNNs serving as the baseline. Findings Compared with CNNs, the proposed method improves accuracy by up to 56.8% in terms of the mean square error of the average torque. Furthermore, the visualization method using the attention mechanism of ST effectively captured the material boundary features. The ST model has the potential to make accurate and interpretable predictions. Originality/value The proposed method constitutes a novel approach to the application of ST for the prediction of SynRMs. This approach addresses both predictive accuracy and explainability. The proposed method will be applied to TO and will extend the prediction targets to other characteristics of motors.

This paper treats the 3-phase synchronous inductor motor which is the same structure as the PM type or HB (hybrid) type 3-phase stepping motor. The characteristics of the synchronous inductor motor when it is driven by a single-phase power supply using a phase shifting capacitor are analyzed. Motor performance is examined in the connection with the capacitance of capacitor, and the selecting method of capacitance for obtaining good performance is proposed. Effects of motor constants on the characteristics of the motor are discussed. Moreover, starting characteristics of the motor driven by a single-phase power supply are also examined.

The traction characteristic of an electric vehicle is the main characteristic of mechanical system that reflects its key performance indicators. Implementation of the traction characteristic is based on controlling angular speed and torque of electric traction motor in an automatic control system. The static mechanical characteristic of an electric traction motor in an automatic control system is the most important characteristic that determines weight, size and operating characteristics of an electric traction motor and serves as the basis for design. The most common variants of constructive implementation of a traction electric drive are analyzed, and a scheme is chosen for further design. Lagrange’s equation for electric mechanical system with one degree of freedom is written in generalized coordinates. In order to determine the generalized forces, elementary operation of all moments influencing on a moving car has been calculated. The resulting equation of motion of the electric vehicle corresponding to the design scheme, as well as the expressions for calculation of characteristic points of static mechanical characteristics of traction motor (i.e. the maximum and minimum time, minimum power) are obtained. In order to determine the nominal values of the angular velocity and the power of electric traction motor, a method based on ensuring the movement of the vehicle in the standard cycle has been developed. The method makes it possible to calculate characteristic points of the mechanical characteristic with the lowest possible power rating. The algorithm for calculation of mechanical characteristics of the motor is presented. The method was applied to calculate static mechanical characteristic of an electric traction motor for a small urban electric truck.

Dynamics and temperature field analysis of piezoelectric driven three-stator multi-degree-of-freedom ultrasonic motor

When calculating the mechanical and electromechanical characteristics of asynchronous motors (AM), as a rule, their T-shaped equivalent circuits (EC) are used. Parameters of these circuits, determined from reference literature or catalogs, are constant values and correspond to the working part of the characteristics in terms of the rated speed or motor slip. Calculations of the mechanical and electromechanical characteristics of the AM at constant values of the parameters of the EC of AM in a wide range of their speed or slips lead to significant errors outside the operating part of the characteristics. The paper presents a methodology and algorithm for calculating mechanical and electromechanical characteristics of АМ with a short-circuit rotor at variable parameters of their equivalent circuit, as well as checking the coincidence of the results of calculating the characteristics according to the proposed algorithm with the calculation results obtained by another wellknown method.