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Abstract
In the technology of gluing solid wood, various adhesives are used, which, in addition to ensuring the strength of the gluing, must also be characterized by a number of rheological and colloidal-chemical properties, namely: have acceptable viscosity, low contact angles, have good spreading and enveloping ability, penetrate deep into the wood , providing reliable cohesive-adhesive contact and much more. Today, adhesives based on PVA dispersions and urea formaldehydes are used, the properties of which have been sufficiently studied and tested in practice. An alternative to organic-based adhesives is mineral adhesives, in particular aluminosilicate adhesives, which are non-flammable and have high mechanical strength. Object of research: rheokinetic patterns and processes of formation of colloidal-chemical structures of aluminosilicate adhesives modified with compounds of the ANO3 and ANO3×nH2O type. Investigated problem: Considering that aluminosilicate adhesives are multiphase reactive suspensions, the viscosity of which changes over time and affects their viability, the issue of viscosity stabilization due to the introduction of electrolyte salts into their composition is relevant, and will also contribute to improving the wettability and spreading of the adhesive during applying them to substrates and gluing samples from various types of wood. Main scientific results: The effect of the concentrations of compounds of the ANO3 and ANO3×nH2O type on the rheokinetic and chemical-colloidal properties of the aluminosilicate adhesive has been established, which will make it possible to use aluminosilicate adhesives in practice for gluing wood of various species, as well as to work out possible technological methods of their application, taking into account the obtained data on the viscosity, wetting and spreadability of the modified adhesive on the surface of the wood substrate. Area of practical use of the research results: woodworking enterprises for the production of glued solid wood products. Innovative technological product: aluminosilicate adhesives modified with ANO3 and ANO3×nH2O nitrate additives for gluing wood of various species. Scope of application of an innovative technological product: the application of these approaches will make it possible to obtain glued materials from wood from different species with improved technological and physical and mechanical properties of the glue seam and, accordingly, to increase the quality and reliability of products.
Highlights
According to the data of works [1, 2], wood is a natural polymer of the cellular-fibrous structure, which is characterized by uneven density, significant porosity and hydrophilicity
There are only a few works devoted to the use of mineral adhesives, especially aluminosilicate composition, for gluing wood of different species. They mainly reflect the physical and mechanical aspects that describe the properties of the adhesive joint depending on the composition of the aluminosilicate adhesive [3], and provide data confirming the incombustibility of the adhesive seam with ensuring the bearing capacity of glued wood products in a fire [4]
To control the physical and rheological characteristics of the aluminosilicate adhesive, chemically pure compounds of the ANO3 and ANO3∙nH2O type, namely: LiNO3∙3H2O, NaNO3, KNO3 and NH4NO3 were introduced into its composition
Summary
According to the data of works [1, 2], wood is a natural polymer of the cellular-fibrous structure, which is characterized by uneven density, significant porosity and hydrophilicity. The problem is simple – the rheokinetic and chemical-colloidal properties of aluminosilicate adhesives for gluing solid wood have not been studied due to the novelty of this product and insufficient experience of its use in gluing technology. There are only a few works devoted to the use of mineral adhesives, especially aluminosilicate composition, for gluing wood of different species. They mainly reflect the physical and mechanical aspects that describe the properties of the adhesive joint depending on the composition of the aluminosilicate adhesive [3], and provide data confirming the incombustibility of the adhesive seam with ensuring the bearing capacity (strength) of glued wood products in a fire [4]
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