STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE DEGREE OF THE ARCHITECTONICS OF THE PALATINE ARCH OF REMOVABLE DENTURES ON THE PHONETIC AND ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES OF THE PROSTHETIC CARRIERS’ SPEECH

Abstract

According to WHO, about half of the inhabitants of the Russian regions by the age of 65 are faced with the problem of complete loss of teeth. Removable prosthetics is the most affordable solution to the problem, even despite the constant development of technologies for fixed prosthetics and dental implantation. In addition, this is the only way out for patients who have certain contraindications for surgical operations, namely, dental implantation of teeth. Improvement of techniques and approaches to the reconstruction of the optimal design of dentures allows not only to optimize the design of the denture, but also to increase the ease of use and the speed of adaptation to them. Thus, the aim of the study is to determine the degree of influence of the architectonics of the palatine arch of modern removable dentures on the phonetic and acoustic properties of the prosthetic carriers’ speech. The stydy methodology consists in a morphometric study of 96 plaster models with various defects in the dentition of the upper jaws of patients, divided into groups, carrying out orthopedic treatment using the developed original method of obtaining functional impressions, and in the phonetic analysis of audiograms with a typical set of phonemes necessary for studying phonemes at different periods of adaptation for complete removable dentures. The results obtained made it possible to find out that not only the position of the facets of artificial teeth, but also the state of the palatine vault, the creation of the necessary volume for the location of the tongue and the formation of conditions for its location in the oral cavity at rest, has a significant effect on the phonetics of prosthetic carriers. The results of the phonetic analysis show a significantly faster degree of adaptation of patients with included defects of teeth and dentition, as well as a significantly higher rate of adaptation of patients whose prostheses were made using the original method in all studied groups.