Abstract
LIHC (liver hepatocellular carcinoma) mostly occurs in patients with chronic liver disease. It is primarily induced by a vicious cycle of liver injury, inflammation, and regeneration that usually last for decades. The G protein nucleolar 2 (GNL2), as a protein-encoding gene, is also known as NGP1, Nog2, Nug2, Ngp-1, and HUMAUANTIG. Few reports are shown towards the specific biological function of GNL2. Meanwhile, it is still unclear whether it is related to the pathogenesis of carcinoma up to date. Here, our study attempts to validate the role and function of GNL2 in LIHC via multiple databases and functional assays. After analysis of gene expression profile from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, GNL2 was largely heightened in LIHC, and its overexpression displayed a close relationship with different stages and poor prognosis of carcinoma. After enrichment analysis, the data revealed that the genes coexpressed with GNL2 probably participated in ribosome biosynthesis which was essential for unrestricted growth of carcinoma. Cell functional assays presented that GNL2 knockdown by siRNA in LIHC cells MHCC97-H and SMCC-7721 greatly reduced cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability. All in all, these findings capitulated that GNL2 could be a promising treatment target and prognosis biomarker for LIHC.
Highlights
Liver cancer is composed of primary carcinoma and metastatic carcinoma [1, 2]
Given the high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma was mainly due to the prevalence of hepatitis virus infection, we further evaluated the prognosis of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) patients stratified according to hepatitis virus infection
This study reported the function of G protein nucleolar 2 (GNL2) in LIHC for the first time, and the results showed that GNL2 was a new biomarker for predicting the prognosis of LIHC patients
Summary
Liver cancer is composed of primary carcinoma and metastatic carcinoma [1, 2]. As far as the most common inducers of carcinoma-associated mortality in the world, primary liver carcinoma ranks second, becoming a great public health challenge [3,4,5]. Primary liver carcinoma consists of liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), and other rarely seen neoplasms [6, 7]. LIHC occurs in patients with chronic liver disease, and it is generally caused by a vicious cycle of liver damage, inflammation, and regeneration that usually span several decades [8,9,10,11]. LIHC is classified as a complicated disease accompanied by several risk factors caused pathogenic mechanisms. To explore the pathogenesis of LIHC and uncover the candidate biomarkers become urgently needed
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