Abstract
Background: A randomized controlled study was designed to investigate the effects of addition of dexmetomedine to hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% for spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing gynaecological surgeries, in terms of vital parameters, onset and duration of sensory andmotor block, intra and post operative pain and adverse effects. Methods: Sixty adult ASA Grade I and II patients were randomly divided equally in to dexmetomedine and control group. Control group received intrathecal 3.0 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine with 0.5 ml of normal saline and dexmetomedine group received identical volume of intrathecal dexmetomedine 5 μg with hyperbaric bupivacaine. Results: Mean time for post operative analgesia was significantly longer in dexmetomedine group (9.6 hours) than in the control group (3.55 hours). (p-value<0.01). Heart rate and blood pressure compared at 30 minute and 45 minute intervalswere significantly less in dexmetomedine group. (p-value< 0.05). Bradycardia and hypotension did not require any therapeutic intervention. Dexmetomedine group patients were found to be more sedated than control group. Conclusion: Adding dexmetomedine 5 μg to intrathecal bupivacaine prolongs the duration of spinal anaesthesia and analgesia. It is safe and is likely to be as effective as higher doses of bupivacaine without severe adverse effects.
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