Study of the effect of drought on the morphophysiological characteristics of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) specimens introduced from ICARDA under irrigated conditions of Absheron

Abstract

The global climate change occurring in the modern world has caused the deterioration of the ecological situation on Earth. Stress factors such as drought can affect the growth and development and productivity of many valuable agricultural plants and lead to their destruction. Food legumes are considered to be priority crops for the modern era and are the main component of the population's consumption basket, and are considered to be one of the main alternative foods in meeting daily protein needs. The minimum use of animal protein, the widespread use of legumes rich in plant protein to replace it, leads to a decrease in the demand for animal husbandry, and the replacement of pastures with arable land. This, in turn, actualizes the expansion of the cultivated areas of food legumes along with other agricultural crops in the country. The broad bean is the cheapest food crop in the agrarian field. The water retention capacity of leaves in broad bean specimens was determined using the "Turgoromer-1" device, and the temperature change occurring due to the transpiration in the leaves was determined with an infrared thermometer. As a result of the measurements, droughttolerant varieties were identified, and Rebeya 40; FLIP17-010FB; FLIP17-008FB; FLIP17-032FB; FLIP16-202; FLIP17-055FB; FLIP17-033 FB; FLIP16-200; Misir-3 were recommended for the Absheron region as prospective specimens. In the studied specimens of the international nurseries, positive reliable correlations were detected between the first pod height and the plant height (r=0.854*), grain number per plant and pod number per plant (r=0.982**), pod length and the grain number per plant (r=0.986**), grain weight per plant and plant height (r=0.939*), grain weight per plant and grain number per plant (r = 0.886*), grain weight per plant and pod length (r=0.885*), grain yield and plant height (r=0.950*), grain yield and grain number per plant (r=0.947*) and grain weight (r=0.885*), 100-grain weight and pod number (r=0.894*). Keywords: Broad bean, specimen, introduction, drought, water retention capacity