Study of the Combined Effect of Silymarin, Quercetin, and Hesperidin on 3 nitro Propionic Acid-induced Rat Model of Huntington’s Disease

Abstract

This investigation proposes to encapsulate how the combined effects of silymarin, quercetin, and hesperidin impact the abilities of rats with Huntington’s disease (HD). Male Wistar rats were administered 3-NP through intraperitoneal injections. Various behavioral measures, including muscle grip strength, locomotor activity, and a string test, were assessed. After 22 days, assessments of lipid peroxidation, glutathione levels, superoxide dismutase, catalase, succinate dehydrogenase (Complex II) activity, lactate dehydrogenase (Complex IV) activity, and the determination of interleukin-6 levels was performed. Administering 3-NP dosage of 10 mg/kg body weight for 21 days outcomes in a substantial rise in learning and memory impairments that closely resembled those seen in HD. Within specific treatment groups, it was observed that quercetin significantly enhanced muscle coordination and demonstrated a noteworthy upsurge in various behavioral measures. After silymarin, quercetin, and hesperidin were combined, there were significant improvements in key biochemical markers such as glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and SDH activity induced by 3-NP. These improvements led to a decrease in neuronal damage and apoptosis in brain. Each bioflavonoid successfully reinstated the stages of biochemical markers, for example, GSH, SOD, CAT, and SDH, while reducing the activity of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). However, after these bioflavonoids were combined, their collective impact was more potent Compared to what each achieved individually.