Study of the association of gene polymorphism associated with sports success and risk of occupational diseases in young football players

Abstract

Annotation. Advances in sports genetics have opened up new opportunities in determining the propensity to perform physical activity of varying intensity and duration, as well as in the diagnosis and prevention of pathologies of athletes whose development is associated with excessive training loads. Detection of gene polymorphism makes it possible to develop personalized schemes for the prevention of various pathologies in athletes. The aim of the study was to study the genetic polymorphisms of the genes ACE (Ins/Del), ACTN3 (R577X), AMPD (Gln12Ter), UCP2 (Arg/Gly) in young football players, which cause individual differences in physical performance and susceptibility to occupational diseases. The object of the study was the genetic material of 24 football boys, the biological material for the study was DNA extracted from buccal epithelial cells. Molecular genetic analysis of genomic DNA was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Statistical surveys were performed using the software STATISTICA 6.1 to determine the average and percentage ratios. As a result of genotyping of young football players, polymorphisms of the I/D gene ACE, R577X of the ACTN3 gene, Gln12Ter of the AMPD gene and Arg/Gly of the UCP2 gene were revealed. For the ACE genotype 16.7%; 16.7%; 66.6% of players had genotypes I/I, I/D and D/D, respectively, while for ACTN3 33.3% had XX, 12.5% had RX, and 54.2% had RR genotypes. A study of the Gln12Ter (C/T) genetic polymorphism of the AMPD gene showed that 83.3% of football boys have the SS genotype. Functionally defective T-allele was found in 10.4% of children. Genotyping of the UCP2 gene (G-866A), a regulator of energy balance, found that 77% of children in this group are carriers of the G allele, and the A allele is present in 23% of boys. Thus, the identified some unfavorable genetic variants will allow to adjust the state of the organism and preventive schemes of pathology, including dental, with the help of individual medical and biological support.