Abstract
We report in this work the surface chemistry and the electrochemical studies on electrodes composed of randomly oriented multi-walled carbon nanotubes supported on stainless-steel (AISI:ROMWCNTs) confined in symmetric coin cells, before and after the electrode aging process accomplished in aqueous and organic electrolytes. We contrasted features from the as-grown and aged electrodes obtained during the different electrochemical experiments using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. Also, several studies involving the Raman, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the scanning electron microscopy techniques were carried out. Our experimental findings indicated that the electrode material shows fair good stability during the charge-discharge processes carried out using the different electrolytes. The aging process observed for each electrolyte revealed the formation of reaction by-products during the long-term charge-storage endurance tests. We additionally performed the in situ (operando) Raman characterization study of the electrodes under dynamic polarization conditions. In this sense, we verified the reversible Raman shifts (e.g., G & D bands) accounting for the dynamic nature of the charge accumulation-depletion processes occurring inside the electrical double-layer structure.
Published Version
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