Study of the absorptive intestinal function in an experimental model of chronic alcohol intoxication

Abstract

Aim. To study the absorptive function of the rat intestine on the background of prolonged alcohol intoxication. Methods. The study was performed on 24 nonlinear white male rats (12 animals in the control and experimental groups) weighing 220-240 g, which had a daily consumption of 20° ethanol solution (ethyl alcohol) for the duration of 180 days. After 6 months perfusion of the isolated segment of jejunum with a dextrose (glucose) solution 35 mmol/L was performed by in the rats the method A.M. Ugolev. The luminescence-histochemical method was used to examine the content of catecholamines and serotonin in the neuroamine containing structures. Results. In the control rats, the rate of absorption in the first 10 min of perfusion reached a maximum value with a further decrease in the intensity of absorption. The content of serotonin and catecholamines in the absorptive epithelial layer of the jejunal villi was lower than in the muscle membrane. In the experimental rats the content of biogenic amines in the wall of the jejunum increased: the amount of serotonin in the absorptive layer of the villi increased up to 122% and in the muscle membrane - up to 126%. The content of catecholamines also increased up to 154% in the muscle membrane and up to 124% in the epithelial layer in the area of the villi compared with controls. In conditions of chronic alcohol intoxication the rate of absorption of dextrose (glucose) during perfusion in the first 30 minutes was reduced by 33% compared with the control. During the next hour, the intensity of absorption reduced by 45% (55% of control). After 1.5 hours the absorption increased slightly, accounting for 64% of the control value and by the end of the 2nd hour the intensity of the absorption reached 91%. Conclusion. An increase in content of catecholamines and serotonin in the mucous and muscular layers of the intestine in chronic alcohol intake and a decrease in the intensity of the absorption of dextrose (glucose) was established; in the setting if modified combined effects of neurotransmitters on smooth muscle cells an increased motor effect is formed, which is accompanied by rapid evacuation of the intestinal chyme with a reduction in the rate of absorption