Study of Sustainable Techniques for Effective Risk Management and Control: A Review

Abstract

Abstract: A geological disturbance is a broader term that refers to a variety of ground motions such as rock falls, slope failure, and shallow debris flows. The study of landslides has fetched a lot of interest recently, owing to a growing awareness of the socioeconomic consequences associated. The land in the mountainous region is especially susceptible to landslides due to its complicated geological context. Landslides are generally caused by the slope changing from a stable to an unstable condition, which can be caused by a variety of factors such as pore water pressure destabilising the slopes, loss or absence of vertical vegetative structure (after a wild fire or fire in forests lasting two or four days), erosion of toe of slopes by river, significant rain falls, earthquakes causing liquefaction of slope, blasting, earth work which alters the slope and imposes new load on it. If the slope is not stable and must support a large soil mass, the entire wedge may slide, resulting in the second type of landslide. Although climate change has also contributed to the occurrence of such disasters like landslides. As we all are aware about the relative causes of landslides, still it is a major concern for governmental organisations, authorities, geotechnical engineers and sub-urban planners for both public and structural safety. Landslides are a major issue in hilly areas especially in Himalayan region of India, where populace is more dependent on native resources and are prone to landslides too.