Abstract
ABSTRACT Theoretical investigations are conducted to study the structure of stationary vortex with a free surface at the bottom of the orifice flow. A modified Lundgren-like model has come up to describe the vortex flow and the governing equations of the theoretical model are solved numerically. Based on the calculation results, the flow distribution and structure characteristic are analyzed, and several quantitative relationships between the major flow parameters at a high radial Reynolds number (including the outflow rate, tangential circulation, water level, export size, maximum tangential velocity, vortex core radius, and liquid viscosity) are obtained. Furthermore, a formula of the critical submerged depth for the stationary free surface vortices is derived and the results from the formula are consistent with the experiments.
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