Abstract

In this study of vertical structural irregularities, which are frequently unavoidable owing to structural and design constraints and have a significant influence on building costs. Regulations pertaining to Turkey, China, Iran, New Zealand, Mexico, and India are included in the definitions of structural irregularity in the vertical plane and earthquake codes of the various seismically active nations. In order to emphasise the importance of these in terms of architects comprehending the laws, the visual expression approaches of vertical structural irregularity definitions in the aforementioned regulations were also looked at. The study's target audience, which includes architects and architecture students, has underwent a comprehensive review that is enhanced with visualisations on vertical structural abnormalities. Common design choices that may result in structural irregularities and the countermeasures that may be used against all these irregularities are presented in order to avoid the seismic codes, which by their very nature contain a lot of methodologies and calculations, from being seen as documentation that should be memorised. Due to a greater knowledge of how visual forms affect human perception, each title is accompanied with a basic yet descriptive illustration. Although there is presently a lack of adequate study on the application of isolation technique to decrease seismic effect and problems associated to a weak story, vertical irregularities tends to have a negative impact on the seismic effect on buildings. In both situations of mass distribution and stiffness distribution, the study of isolated vertical irregular structures is the main topic of this work. The base isolation of irregular buildings offers improved seismic resistance by minimising base shear and enhancing damping characteristics, according to earlier publications mentioned and our case study research.

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