Abstract
To evaluate ocular fundus biological changes after scleral collagen cross-linking (CXL) with riboflavin/ ultraviolet A (UVA) on rhesus monkeys in vivo by analyzing retina and choroid biological parameters. Six 3-year-old male rhesus monkeys (12 eyes) were observed in this study, with scleral CXL procedures applied on superior temporal equatorial sclera on random eyes of all rhesus. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) examination were performed before and 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months after CXL. The thickness of retina and choroid and the flow density of retinal superficial vascular networks were analyzed respectively in different regions after CXL. As for retina thickness and flow density of retinal superficial vascular networks, no statistical difference was noted between CXL eyes and control eyes at 1 day, 1week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months (P>0.05). Among choroid parameters, the choroidal thickness in 1500μm temporal to the fovea center of CXL eyes revealed a significant reduction in 1 week postoperatively (P<0.05), but it subsequently increased from 1 month postoperatively, and no statistical difference was found between two groups in the following periods (P>0.05). The choroidal thickness nearby crosslinked region may change temporarily following scleral CXL, and it might recover gradually after 1 month postoperatively. The vascular flow density and thickness of retina were not affected by scleral CXL. Further study should be performed to evaluate the potential adverse effects at the direct vicinity of the application site and the long-term effect of scleral CXL in clinical application.
Highlights
Myopia is one of the most common ocular disorder and has become the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in Asian countries [1,2]
No statistical difference was noted between CXL eyes and control eyes at 1 day, 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months in these parameters
Controversy exists regarding the safety of scleral collagen cross-linking (CXL) by riboflavin/ ultraviolet A (UVA), such as the ultraviolet-induced retinal damage
Summary
Myopia is one of the most common ocular disorder and has become the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness in Asian countries [1,2]. The prevalence of high myopia among young adults in Asia was reported to be 6.8–21.6%, which was higher than non-Asian
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