Study of Profile of Young Diabetics with Special Reference to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Abstract Background: Data about the frequency of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among young subjects below 25 years of age are sparse in the Indian subcontinent. Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to study the frequency and clinical profile of T2DM among young diabetics. Materials and Methods: The study was a prospective observational study conducted in the Department of General Medicine and Pediatrics in JSS Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, India. The subjects with age of onset of diabetes mellitus below 25 years were included in the study. They were categorized according to the C-peptide values as type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and T2DM. The statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 25) computer program. Results: Of the 250 patients included in the study, 208 (83.2%) subjects had T1DM, 38 (15.2%) T2DM, and 4 (1.6%) maturity-onset diabetes of the young. The mean age of onset of T1DM was 13.7 ± 6.201 years and T2DM was 23.28 ± 3.68 years. Body mass index and waist circumference of young T2DM patients were more compared to T1DM, which were statistically significant (P < 0.0001), and family history showed strong positivity in patients with young T2DM compared to T1DM. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were more in young T2DM patients compared to T1DM, which were statistically significant with P = 0.003, P = 0.0015, and P = 0.03, respectively. Conclusion: T2DM is now commonly occurring in young adults and children, probably due to a growing epidemic of childhood obesity and lifestyle. Obesity and dyslipidemia were more in T2DM compared to T1DM among young diabetics.