Abstract
Objective: Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in industries in wide range. It is usually detected in the environment and has oestrogenic effects which are usually harmful to the reproductive system. Exposure to some oestrogenic compounds alters the growth and development of the reproductive organs that may lead to infertility or cancer. Aim: The aim of this work is to detect the Bisphenol A effects on testes and prostate of adult male albino rats and assess the protective role of vitamin E. Material and methods: 30 adult male albino rats were used in this study. They were divided into 4 groups: Group I (control group) (12 rats): which subdivided into 2 equal subgroups: Subgroup (A) (negative control group): 6 rats received only regular diet and water to determine the basic values of performed tests for 8 weeks. Subgroup (B) (vehicle control group): 6 rats received 1 ml of corn oil (the vehicle of BPA and vitamin E) by oral gavage once daily for 8 weeks. Group II (vitamin E treated group) (6 rats): Each rat gavaged orally with 200 mg/kg body weight vitamin E once daily for 8 weeks. Group III (Bisphenol A treated group) (6 rats): Each rat gavaged orally with 325 mg/kg body weight BPA (1/10 LD 50) in 1ml of corn oil as a vehicle once daily for 8 weeks. Group IV (Bisphenol A and vitamin E treated group) (6 rats): Each rat gavaged orally with (200 mg/kg body weight vitamin E then 325 mg/kg body weight Bisphenol A) once daily for 8 weeks. Serum levels of testosterone were estimated. Testes and prostate histopathological and immunohistochemical examination were performed. The results: The results after being statistically analyzed and tabulated revealed that oral BPA adminstration induced a significant decrease in serum total testosterone levels. It also induced histopathological alterations in testes and prostate with increased Caspase3 immunoreactivity. Conclusion: It was concluded that oral BPA adminstration induced destructive effects in the testes and prostate, and vitamin E administration during exposure to BPA offers protection against its damaging effect. Recommendations: The use of BPA must be decreased and avoid the improper usage of plastic containers in order to decrease the health hazards resulting from BPA exposure. Administration of vitamin E may ameliorate the adverse effects of BPA on the function of reproductive system.
Highlights
Bisphenol A (BPA) is considered one of the most common industrial manufactured chemicals all over the world (Bosch et al, 2016)
There was a significant decrease (p
Group III (Bisphenol A treated group): The prostate showed marked degree of hyperplasia in most of acini, the hyperplasia obstructed the lumen of some prostatic alveoli .Other alveoli showed the presence of papillary projections in their lumen (Fig 2b,c)
Summary
Bisphenol A (BPA) is considered one of the most common industrial manufactured chemicals all over the world (Bosch et al, 2016). Its molecule is small (228 Da), its color is white and at room temperature exists as a solid particles and has an odor of phenol (Ahmed et al, 2015). It is commonly used in manufacture of plastic and epoxy resin which is used a lot by consumers and act as a monomer in the steps of polymerization reaction (Bosch et al, 2016). BPA is a universal synthetic material in the environment found nearly in all examined serum samples taken from people in developed countries; it can be found in human serum, urine and placental tissue samples, amniotic fluid, and blood taken from umbilical cord (Bosch et al, 2016)
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