STUDY OF PREVALENCE OF METABOLIC SYNDROME AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ANGIOGRAM: AN ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Abstract

Introduction: The Coronary artery disease (CAD) and its major manifestation, myocardial infarction was a medical rarity prior to First World War. Its incidence was very low, with one case per year on an average, in large metropolitan hospitals. But since then CAD has been increasing in exponential proportions. Objectives were to find out the individual component of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients undergoing coronary angiogram and to classify coronary angiographic findings according to vessel affected and severity of coronary artery disease. Material and methods: This was prospective, observational cohort study done among patient undergoing coronary angiogram (CAG) for evaluation of Coronary artery disease (CAD). Total 1010 Patients enrolled in department of Medicine and Cardiology at Krishna Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Karad. Patients were examined for the presence of metabolic syndrome according to IDF 2005 guidelines. A detailed case history was taken with special reference to the symptoms, past history of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, alcohol consumption and tobacco chewing. Results: In the present study, 725 (71.78%) patients were males and 285 (28.21%) patients were females. 504 (49.90%) patients had a past history of type 2 Diabetes mellitus; 544 (53.86%) patients had past history of hypertension, 275 (27.22%) patients had habit of tobacco consumption, 946 (93.66%) patients undergoing coronary angiogram had waist to hip ratio >0.9, 34 (3.36%) 692 (68.51%) patients had triglycerides level ≥150 mg/dl, 496 (49.10%) patients undergoing coronary angiogram had MetS. There was statistically significant difference in gender in the proportion of MetS (Chi sq. = 94.58 for DF-1; ‘p’ < 0.0001, RR = 0.53). Conclusion: This indicates MetS was the important cluster of risk factor in the current study. Modifiable coronary artery risk factors are HTN, DM, dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking etc. Non-modifiable coronary artery risk factors are age, gender, family history etc.