Study of physicomechanical properties of solid domestic waste during compaction by an unbound method into large blocks

Abstract

Technology is considered for compaction of solid domestic waste into large blocks, excluding subsequent stitching and binding with wire, in order to avoid arbitrary breakage during lifting and transport operations. As a result of calculation and theoretical studies, and laboratory experiments for determining the dependence of side pressure coefficient, static and dynamic coefficients of external friction due to compaction pressure, and also calculation of limiting state parameters, it is shown that the stated aim is achieved with compaction of solid domestic waste with a conical punch. Model blocks are obtained by experiment that have adequate strength during shipment and disposal at a landfill site. In view of the imperfection of existing technology for compacting solid domestic waste (SDW), it is necessary to carry out research for selection of a compaction regime in order to obtain a strong briquette without additional binding. The aim of this work is development of a procedure for determining the physicomechanical parameters of SDW briquettes, establishment of their quantitative values for use in designing compaction, and creation of unbound SDW briquetting technology. During compaction there is a change in the shape and dimensions of a dispersed body, such as SDW, as a result of a reduction in pore volume and deformation of the material structure [1]. The capacity of solid dispersed material to increase its density under the action of pressure and to form a briquette of prescribed shape and dimensions is called “compaction” [2]. These production properties of SDW taking account of dimensions and configuration of finished objects, physiochemical, and mechanical properties of its structural elements, i.e., particles, should be considered in the choice of production parameters for compaction. Several methods exist for SDW compaction [3]. In contemporary enterprises for SDW processing by compaction, pressing devices are used whose operating cycle consists of the following operations: