Study of patent activity regarding the protection of the marine environment and marine and coastal ecosystems in the direction of "Marine ecosystem"

Abstract

Human activity creates unfavorable conditions for the life of the ocean and climate, which requires the preservation and rational use of oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development, as established by Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) No 14 at the global level, and in Ukraine. Heads of State and Government, as well as representatives of civil society and other relevant stakeholders, reaffirm their strong commitment to the conservation and sustainable use of oceans, seas and marine resources. The EU countries have worked out a mechanism of cooperation to solve the problems of preserving the marine environment, which is currently implemented in the Framework Directive on the Marine Strategy. In Ukraine, in accordance with the Framework Directive on Marine Strategy, taking into account the Sustainable Development Goals of Ukraine for the period until 2030, determined by the Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 722, September 30, 2019, the strategic goals of marine environmental protection policy and priority tasks aimed at achieving and maintaining "good" ecological condition of the Black and Azov Seas, including Strategic Goal No 1. Reducing the risk to human health associated with the pollution and clogging of sea waters and the coastal protective strip, preventing the degradation of marine ecosystems and promoting their regeneration by reducing the level of pollution of the seas and minimizing the anthropogenic burden on marine ecosystems. The solutions needed to achieve SDG No 14 and Strategic Goal No 1 are supported by evidence-based and innovative actions, as well as international cooperation and partnerships based on science, technology and innovation and ecosystem-based approaches. Identifying priority and promising technological directions in the field of "Marine Ecosystem" is an important and urgent task to ensure the achievement of Strategic Goal No 1 and SDG No 14. The purpose of the scientific work is to study patent activity in the world and in Ukraine regarding the protection of the marine environment and marine and coastal ecosystems and to identify priority and promising technological directions in the field of "Marine Ecosystem". The study of patent activity in the field of "Marine Ecosystem" was carried out for 2016-2021 using the tools of the platform of the Derwent Innovation international patent database and the codes of the International Patent Classifier. According to the results of the study, priority and promising technological directions in the field of "Marine Ecosystem" in the world and in Ukraine were identified. The rating and position of Ukraine at the world level was studied using the method of comparative analysis. The resulting technological directions can be taken into account to ensure the achievement of Strategic Goal No 1 and SDG No 14.