Abstract
The purpose of the present work was to investigate experimentally the interactions among polymer, solvent and solute and to point out their similarity of character in reverse osmosis (RO), high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and pervaporation (PV). Four butanol-water systems were investigated by reverse osmosis, pervaporation and HPLC using cellulose acetate (CA) membranes. The experimental data were processed by the theory of the preferential sorption-capillary flow model. Furthermore, pervaporation data became interpretable physico-chemically by taking into account vapour-liquid equilibrium, capillary interaction and evaporation-free enthalpy alteration. The RO and PV data obtained showed more or less good correlation. The deviation from good correlation depended not only on research errors, but presumably also on moving from isothermal to adiabatic evaporation. The experimental data and their cross-checking offer a new hypothesis for explaining the details of PV separation. However, its justification needs further investigation and more experimental data.
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