Study of influential factors in synthesis and characterization of cobalt oxide nanoparticles

Ghazaleh Allaedini,Abubakar Muhammad

doi:10.1186/2193-8865-3-77

Ghazaleh Allaedini, Abubakar Muhammad

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-8865-3-77

Copy DOI

Abstract

This study has investigated the different factors in obtaining cobalt oxide nanoparticles. The factors that have been studied are the effect of pH, synthesis temperature, capping agent, annealing temperature, and different usage of cobalt salts. Cobalt oxide nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X- ray spectroscopy, UV, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. In order to find the effects of various factors, the optimum pH was achieved in the first experiment by the precipitation method; after finding out that in experiments with pH 8 to 9, the particles are homogeneous in shape and regular. The other experiments were repeated with the same pH but changing the factors. In the second experiment, the effect of synthesis temperature at 40?C, 60?C, 80?C, and 100?C was investigated. To find out the effect of capping agent, two experiments were done, one using the oleic acid and the other using 2-(dodecyloxy) acetic acid. In the case of investigating the annealing temperature, the black cobalt oxides were annealed at 400?C, 500?C, and 600?C. The last one was done using two different cobalt salts, cobalt nitrate and cobalt sulfate. Finally, cobalt oxide nanoparticles were characterized.

Highlights

Nanotechnology is one of the most effective and novel area of research in modern material science
We review the methods of making nanoparticles using different plant extracts, possible mechanism of nanoparticle synthesis, and their pharmaceutical applications, and products available in the market their clinical trial status are reviewed
This review paper summarizes the recent research advances in the field of metal nanoparticle synthesis through plant extract and critically discusses the various mechanism proposed behind it. Plants or their extracts can be effectively used in the biosynthesis of metallic nanoparticles, as a greener approach

Summary

Introduction

Nanotechnology is one of the most effective and novel area of research in modern material science. The main benefit of plant-based synthesis approaches over classical chemical and physical method is more eco-friendly, cheaper, and scale-up process for the large-scale synthesis of nanoparticles other than there is no need of to use high temperature, pressure, and toxic chemicals [19]. A large number of research papers have been reported on biological synthesis of metal nanoparticles using microbes like bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants (Table 1). This is due to their reducing or antioxidant properties that are responsible for the reduction of, respectively, metal nanoparticles.

Concluding remarks

Findings

Compliance with ethical standards