Study of heating of building structures of production facilities to assess their fire resistance

Abstract

In this article the research of fire resistance limits of structures for industrial facilities has been carried out. It is known that the fire resistance limits of building structures are determined by experimental and computational methods. The research to solve the problem was based on the temperature regime of real fire conditions. The purpose of the study is to assess the fire resistance of building structures of production facilities by calculating heat and mass transfer, taking into account real fire conditions. To achieve the goal we need the following: 1. Investigate the basic fire safety requirements for the building structures of production facilities; 2. Use computational method to substantiate the necessity of increasing the maximum fire-resistance with the help of flame retardants taking into account the worst-case scenario of real fire development. The evaluation of the fire resistance limits of the supporting metal structures showed that these limits are greater than the required R15 in the worst-case scenario of a real fire. To solve this problem, a field calculation method has been applied, which is used for premises of a complex geometric configuration in which one of the geometric dimensions is much larger than the others. The selected calculation method makes it possible to determine the temperature distribution inside the building structure in the one-dimensional case. We consider the worst-case scenario of fire development in terms of heating the supporting metal structures - burning of fuel oil spill in the boiler room. The results of calculations have shown that in the selected scenario of fire development, the maximum temperature of the supporting metal structures within 15 min from the start of the fire is significantly less than the critical temperature of 500°C. Fire protection coatings for the treatment of load-bearing structures of the production facility are not required.