Abstract
In this work, we study the first and generalized second laws of thermodynamics at the apparent horizon of homogeneous and isotropic universe model in the context of f (G, T) gravity (G and T represent the Gauss-Bonnet invariant and trace of the energymomentum tensor, respectively). We formulate the corresponding field equations as well as determine the radius, temperature and entropy to analyze these laws. An extra term associated with entropy production is appeared in the first law due to the non-equilibrium treatment of thermodynamics. It is found that the universal condition is obtained to preserve the generalized second law of thermodynamics.
Highlights
Thermodynamics has been a subject of great interest to explore the fascinating characteristics of matter variables in general relativity (GR) as well as in modi ed gravitational theories
It is found that an auxiliary entropy production term corresponding to the non-equilibrium treatment of thermodynamics is appeared in Clausius relation in modi ed theories of gravity while no such additional term is obtained in braneworld, GB and Lovelock gravitational theories [3]
We have explored the rst and generalized second law of thermodynamics (GSLT) in the background of f (G, T ) gravity
Summary
Thermodynamics has been a subject of great interest to explore the fascinating characteristics of matter variables in general relativity (GR) as well as in modi ed gravitational theories. For isotropic and homogeneous universe, Einstein eld equations can be expressed in terms of rst law of thermodynamics (FLT) [1]. Wu et al [4] formulated the universal condition to check the validity of generalized second law of thermodynamics (GSLT) in the context of modi ed theories of gravity. We explore the rst and GSLT at the apparent horizon in f (G, T ) gravity This modi ed gravitational theory deals with the non-minimal coupling between quadratic curvature invariant (a linear combination of Ricci scalar (R), Ricci (Rαβ) and Riemann (Rαβξη) tensors) and matter. We construct the corresponding eld equations for isotropic and homogeneous universe with any spatial curvature while section 3 investigates the laws of thermodynamics at the apparent horizon of universe model.
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