Study of foreign experience in dealing with ice and frost deposits on the wires of overhead power lines

Abstract

The means and technologies for predicting and preventing frost and ice deposits on the wires of overhead power lines in the power grids of foreign countries are presented. The focus is on such systems as Meteo, dynamic thermal rating, online monitoring of China Southern Power Grid, Variable resistance cable de-icing system and mobile ice melting units. The advantages and disadvantages of these systems are analyzed and it is found that such approaches require energy consumption and are relevant only for the relevant region of the power grid, depending on weather conditions and the distance of electricity transmission. The mechanical, electromechanical, electrothermal, and physicochemical methods of predicting frost and ice deposits on the wires of overhead power lines are considered. It was found that the consideration of dynamic processes is essential and effective in the study of power grids in extreme weather conditions, and the data on frost and ice deposits on overhead line wires are characterized by high dimensionality, nonlinearity, multimodality, and heterogeneity, which makes it impossible to create an accurate forecasting model using traditional methods of evaluation and decision-making. The method of time series analysis and the method of Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition are proposed to solve this problem. The basis of these methods is to maximize the use of inherent regularities represented by frequency and time characteristics for effective data analysis and to create the basis for subsequent models and improve their forecasting accuracy. On the basis of the research, the author proposes ways to adapt and integrate the experience of foreign countries into the power grids of Ukraine. The necessity of creating integrated information systems for monitoring meteorological parameters and operating modes of power grids using specialized forecasting models and IT systems is substantiated, which will automate the process of assessing the current state of overhead power lines based on meteorological data in order to timely prevent emergencies in power grids provoked by frost and ice deposits.