Abstract
The power generated by photovoltaic solar systems is exposed to high variability of irradiance mainly due to weather conditions, which cause instability in the electrical networks connected to these systems. This study shows the typical behavior of solar irradiance in an Andean city, which presents considerable variations that can reach up to 63% of the nominal power of the photovoltaic system, at time intervals in the order of seconds. The study covers the application of 3 techniques to reduce power fluctuations at the point of common coupling (PCC), with the incorporation of energy storage systems, under the same irradiance conditions. Supercapacitors were used as the storage system, which were selected for their high efficiency and useful life. A state of charge control is also applied by means of a hysteresis band. The three algorithms studied show similar behaviors; however, the ramp control technique has the best performance. The storage system was dimensioned based on the photovoltaic system’s nominal power and the desired rate of change in the PCC, whose capacity can be estimated from Pnom/12 [kWh] and a maximum power that can reach up to 0.63 Pnom. The study determines that based on the storage capacity and the irradiance characteristics under study, the storage system could use at least 5.76 daily charge/discharge cycles. In the study, it is possible to reduce the rate of change of the photovoltaic energy injected into the PCC about 6.66 times with the use of the proposed energy storage system.
Highlights
Energy plays a fundamental role in the development of countries and regions
Other studies related to the improvement of energy quality due to the fluctuation of solar irradiance suggest the use of hybrid systems with photovoltaic solar systems and concentrated solar systems, which allow the generation of heat and electricity, reducing fluctuations in power injected into the point of common coupling (PCC) [19]
Application of a slow control system to control the state of charge (SOC) of the Supercapacitors
Summary
Energy plays a fundamental role in the development of countries and regions. at the same time, it is one of the most polluting sectors. Other studies related to the improvement of energy quality due to the fluctuation of solar irradiance suggest the use of hybrid systems with photovoltaic solar systems and concentrated solar systems, which allow the generation of heat and electricity, reducing fluctuations in power injected into the PCC [19]. These systems allow for considerable improvement in power quality, they belong to a currently emerging technology and have been tested in non-compact applications in the hundreds of megawatt range, so that they are economically profitable, in addition to having mobile parts for pumping systems. Application of a slow control system to control the state of charge (SOC) of the Supercapacitors
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